Substantial phenolic content (20 wt%) was obtained when using equimolar catalytic mixture A (Cat_A), however the majority of these phenols were guaiacol derivatives, suggesting the catalytic mixture employed did not favour deep demethoxylation. The catalytic mixtures were analysed and characterised using XRD analysis, whilst pyrolysis products were analysed for distribution of products using FTIR, GC-MS and EA. For this purpose, four mixed metal oxide catalytic mixtures (Cat) derived from Na 2CO 3, CeO 2 and ZrO 2 were synthesised in varying compositions and utilised in a fixed bed reactor for catalytic vapour upgrading of Etek lignin pyrolysis products at 600 ☌. Waste lignin is a potential source of renewable fuels and other chemical precursors under catalytic pyrolysis.
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